Staying in a heated tub for an extended period can have several potentially harmful effects on the body. Many whirlpool bathtubs have automatic turn off features because of this.
1. Overheating (Hyperthermia)
Prolonged exposure to hot water can lead to an increase in your body temperature, causing hyperthermia. This condition can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, and fainting. Severe hyperthermia can result in more serious complications like heat stroke.
2. Dehydration
Spending too much time in a heated whirlpool bathtub can cause excessive sweating, which may lead to dehydration. Dehydration symptoms include dry mouth, headache, and reduced urine output. In severe cases, it can lead to confusion and dizziness.
3. Lower Blood Pressure
The heat from the bathtub causes blood vessels to dilate, which can lower blood pressure. For older individuals with already low blood pressure or those prone to fainting, this can be dangerous and lead to dizziness or even loss of consciousness.
4. Skin Irritation and Infections
Long exposure to hot water can strip the skin of its natural oils, leading to dryness and irritation. Additionally, if the whirlpool bathtub is not properly sanitized, it can be a breeding ground for bacteria, leading to skin infections or hot tub rash (pseudomonas folliculitis).
5. Cardiovascular Stress
The combination of heat and buoyancy can put extra stress on the cardiovascular system. This can be particularly dangerous for people with heart conditions, as it can lead to increased heart rate and blood pressure fluctuations.
6. Electrolyte Imbalance
Extended soaking can lead to significant loss of electrolytes through sweat. This imbalance can cause symptoms such as muscle cramps, fatigue, and, in severe cases, seizures.
Recommendations
- Limit Soaking Time: It's generally recommended to limit hot tub sessions to 30 minutes to 1 hr.
- Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water before and after using the hot tub.
- Monitor Temperature: Ensure the hot tub temperature is set to a safe level, typically between 100-104°F (37-40°C).